Coronary Artery Disease is a condition in which plaque builds up inside the coronary arteries. Here are five nursing care plans for patients with Coronary Artery Disease.

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is a condition in which plaque builds up inside the coronary arteries. Coronary arteries are arteries that supply your heart muscle with oxygen-rich blood. Plaque is made up of fat, cholesterol, calcium, and other substance found in the blood. Plaque narrows the arteries and reduces blood flow to your heart muscle. It also makes it more likely that blood clots will form in your arteries. Blood clots can partially or completely block blood flow. When your coronary arteries are narrowed or blocked, oxygen-rich blood can’t reach your heart muscle. This can cause angina or a heart attack. Without quick treatment, a heart attack can lead to serious problems and even death.
CAD is the most common type of heart disease. Lifestyle changes, medicines, and/or medical procedures can effectively prevent or treat CAD in most people. Other names for Coronary Artery Disease are Atherosclerosis, Coronary heart disease, Hardening of the arteries, Heart disease, Ischemic heart disease, and Narrowing of the arteries.
Here are 5 Coronary Artery Disease Nursing Care Plans
1. Decreased Cardiac Output
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NDx: Decreased cardiac output r/t increased vascular resistance
CAD causes narrowing of blood vessels. This condition leads to intense pressure exerted on the walls of the blood vessels. The body’s compensatory mechanism is to increase the work load of the heart and thus the patient has decreased cardiac output.
| Assessment | Planning | Nursing interventions | Rationale | Expected outcome |
S= ∅O=The patient may manifest:
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Short term:After 2-3 hours of nursing interventions, the patient will verbalize understanding of disease process.Long term:
After two days of nursing interventions the patient will participate in activities to decrease in the heart’s workload |
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Short term:The patient shall have verbalizedUnderstanding of disease process.Long term:The patient shall have participated in activities to decrease in the heart’s workload |
2. Ineffective Tissue Perfusion
Ineffective tissue perfusion r/t decreased cardiac output
The oxygen content of arterial blood is almost all bound to hgb. In anemia, the oxygen content will therefore fall in proportion to the reduction in hgb concentration, even through the po2 is normal. The normal compensatory to restore oxygen delivery is an increase in cardiac output.
| Assessment | Objectives | Nursing interventions | Rationale | Expected outcome |
S oO the patient manifested the following:
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Short term:After 3 hours of ni, the pt. Will be able to demonstrate behaviors on how to have effective airways.Long term:After 1- 2 days of ni, the patient will free from shortness of breath. |
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Short term:The pt. Shall have demonstrated behaviors on how to have effective airways.Long term:The patient shall be free from shortness of breath. |
3. Acute Pain
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is caused by a narrowing of the arteries that supply the heart muscle with blood. When the arteries narrow, blood flow is reduced. The reduced blood flow causes the heart muscle to receive less oxygen then it needs to function properly. When ischemia occurs patients typically develop angina or chest pain originating from the heart. It has been described as chest pain or discomfort that has a squeezing or pressure-like quality, usually felt behind the breastbone (sternum), but sometimes felt in the shoulders, arms, neck, jaws, or back.
| Assessment | Objectives | Nursing interventions | Rationale | Expected outcome |
S oO the pt. May manifest:
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Short Term:After 3 hours of ni, the pt. Will verbalize understanding of pt’s condition and health teachings given to provide comfort and relieve of pain.Long termAfter 2 days of ni, the pt. Will demonstrate behavior of being relieved from pain and will be free from the complications of the condition. |
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The pt.’s so will verbalize understanding of pt’s condition and health teachings given to provide comfort and relieve of pain and pt.Will demonstrate behavior of being relieved from pain and will be free from the complications of the condition. |
4. Activity Intolerance
Due to te disease condition, the patient lost te energy reserve and has increased need to adapt to the pain of angina. Because of that she has limited movement. The inability to perform activities of daily living is also due to fatigue.
| Assessment | Objectives | Interventions | Rationale | Outcomes |
| Weakness | Short term:After 4 hours of nursing interventions and health teachings, the patient will be able to use identified techniques to enhance activity intolerance.Long term:After 2-4 days of nursing interventions, the patient will be able to participate willingly in necessary activities. |
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Short term:The patient shall have identified and used techniques to enhance activity intolerance.Long term:The patient shall have participated willingly in necessary activities. |
5. Fatigue
Fatigue is a overwhelming sense of exhaustion resulting to decreased capacity to perform activities at the usual level. This is due to the patient’s poor physical condition brought about by the disease condition.
| Assessment | Objectives | Interventions | Rationale | Outcomes |
S= øO= the patient may manifest:
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Short term:After 2 hours of nursing interventions, the patient will be able to verbalize understanding of condition and causative factors.
Long term: After 3 days of nursing interventions, the patient will be able to perform adls and participate in desired activities/level of activity. |
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Short term:The patient shall have verbalized understanding of condition and causative factors.Long term:The patient shall have performed adls and participate in desired activities/level of activity. |
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