Ethambutol (Myambutol) Drug Study

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Generic name: Ethambutol

Brand name: Myambutol, Servambutol

Classification: Antituberculotic

Action

Ethambutol is bacteriostatic against actively growing TB bacilli, it works by obstructing the formation of cell wall. Mycolic acids attach to the 5′-hydroxyl groups of D-arabinose residues of arabinogalactan and form mycolyl-arabinogalactan-peptidoglycan complex in the cell wall. It disrupts arabinogalactan synthesis by inhibiting the enzyme arabinosyl transferase. Disruption of the arabinogalactan synthesis inhibits the formation of this complex and leads to increased permeability of the cell wall.

Indication

Ethambutol eliminates certain bacteria that cause tuberculosis (TB). It is used with other medicines to treat tuberculosis and to prevent you from giving the infection to others.

This medication is sometimes prescribed for other uses; ask your doctor or pharmacist for more information.

Side-effects

• loss of appetite
• upset stomach
• vomiting
• numbness and tingling in the hands or fee
• optic neuritis–blurring of vision

Contraindication

Ethambutol hydrochloride is contraindicated in patients who are known to be hypersensitive to this drug. It is also contraindicated in patients with known optic neuritis unless clinical judgemnet determines that it may be used. Ethambutol hydrochloride is contraindicated in patients who are unable to appreciate and report visual side ettects or changes in vision (eg, young children, unconscious patients).

Stock Dose

• 100mgs

Nursing Responsibilities

• Assess patient for infection (appearance of wounds, sputum, VS, urine and stool and WBC.) at beginning and during therapy.
• Obtain specimens before initiating therapy. Take drug as indicated.
• Not to be given to children 6 years below due to optic neuritis
• Provide supplemental vitamin A. if not contraindicated