Isoflurane reduces pain sensitivity (analgesia) and relaxes muscles. The mechanism by which general anesthetics produce the anesthetic state is not clearly understood but likely involves interactions with multiple receptor sites to interfere with synaptic transmission.
Generic name: Isoflurane
Brand Name: Forane, Terrell
General action: Anesthetic
Indications of Isoflurane
Isoflurane, USP may be used for induction and maintenance of general anesthesia. Adequate data have not been developed to establish its application in obstetrical anesthesia.
Adverse effects of Isoflurane
Shivering, nausea, vomiting and ileus have been observed in the postoperative period. Resp depression, hypotension, arrhythmias, malignant hyperthermia.
Contraindications of Isoflurane
Known sensitivity to Isoflurane, USP or to other halogenated agents. Known or suspected genetic susceptibility to malignant hyperthermia.
Dosages
Inhalation induction: initial 0.5 % v/v with oxygen or oxygen and nitrous oxide, increase to 1.5- 3 % v/v.
Maintenance
1-2.5% v/v with oxygen only.
Nursing responsibilities of Isoflurane
- Used with caution in patients with coronary artery disease
- Monitor blood pressure and temperature to detect residual hypotension and the possibility of malignant hyperthermia.
- Must be given with a licensed anesthesiologist
- Emergency kit must be made available
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