Vitamin A (Retinol) Drug Study

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Generic Name: Vitamin A

Brand Name: Aquasol A

General Action

Vitamin A is effective for treatment of conditions such as acne or lung diseases, or for treatment of eye problems, wounds, or dry or wrinkled skin not caused by lack of vitamin A has not been proven. Although vitamin A is being used to prevent certain types of cancer, some experts feel there is not enough information to show that this is effective, particularly in well-nourished individuals.

Indication

Vitamin A injection is effective for the treatment of vitamin A deficiency.

Side Effects

Anaphylactic shock and death have been reported using the intravenous route. Allergic reactions have been reported rarely with administration of AQUASOL A Parenteral including one case of an anaphylactoid type reaction. Vitamin A toxicity can cause growth retardation, hair loss and enlarged spleen and liver in its more severe form. Vitamin A overdose can also cause birth defects and has been linked to increased risk of bone fractures in some people.

Contraindication:

In Pregnancy: Safety of amounts exceeding 6,000 Units of vitamin A daily during pregnancy has not been established at this time. The use of vitamin A in excess of the recommended dietary allowance may cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. Animal reproduction studies have shown fetal abnormalities associated with over-dosage in several species. Malformations of the central nervous system, the eye, the palate, and the urogenital tract are recorded. Vitamin A in excess of the recommended dietary allowance is contraindicated in women who are or may become pregnant. If vitamin A is used during pregnancy, or if the patient becomes pregnant while taking vitamin A, the patient should be apprised of the potential hazard to the fetus.

Stock Dose

50,000 USP Units (15 mg retinol/mL)

Nursing Responsibilities:

• Teach the family about the Vitamin A toxicity
• Caution pregnant patient about the taking of vitamin A
• Teach patient that over consumption of vitamin A can cause nausea, irritability and blurred vision.
• Teach patient that Vitamin A must be avoided from direct sunlight exposure
• Instruct patient/family that if there is a sign of over dosage of vitamin A, it must be reported immediately to the physician.