Cancer and Oncology Nursing: Breast Cancer NCLEX Practice Exam (Quiz #7: 15 Questions)

A 42-year-old female client visits the women’s health clinic for her annual wellness check. She has no family history of breast cancer and is concerned about when she should start undergoing mammograms. She asks the nurse, “I hear so many different things about when to start. What is the standard recommendation for someone like me?”

According to the American Cancer Society (ACS) guidelines for women with average risk, which response by the nurse is most appropriate?

A post-menopausal client with Estrogen Receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer is prescribed Tamoxifen citrate 20 mg PO daily as adjuvant therapy. The nurse is providing medication education regarding potential adverse effects.

Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of the potential serious side effects of this medication?

A client returns to the surgical unit following a Right Modified Radical Mastectomy with axillary lymph node dissection (ALND). The client is groggy but follows commands.

Which nursing action is the priority for positioning this client immediately post-operatively?

A nurse is conducting a community health seminar on breast cancer awareness. Several attendees ask about risk factors that might increase their chances of developing breast cancer.

Which of the following factors should the nurse identify as increasing a client’s risk for breast cancer?

Select all that apply.

A 35-year-old client has just been diagnosed with Stage II Invasive Ductal Carcinoma. She begins to cry and says, “I don’t know how I’m going to tell my children. They are so young, and I don’t want to scare them.”

Which response by the nurse is the most therapeutic?

A client is scheduled to receive Doxorubicin (Adriamycin) for breast cancer treatment. The physician’s order reads: Doxorubicin 60 mg/m² IV once. The client weighs 143 lbs and is 165 cm tall. Based on the nomogram, the client’s Body Surface Area (BSA) is determined to be 1.7 m². The pharmacy supplies Doxorubicin in a vial with a concentration of 2 mg/mL.

How many milliliters (mL) will the nurse administer? (Record answer to the nearest whole number).

A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client who underwent a Left Modified Radical Mastectomy with axillary node dissection. The teaching focuses on preventing lymphedema in the left arm.

Which instructions should the nurse include?

Select all that apply.

A client is 24 hours post-mastectomy with a Jackson-Pratt (JP) drain. The nurse prepares to empty the drain.

Arrange the steps of emptying the JP drain in the correct order (1 to 6).

A client is undergoing external beam radiation therapy for breast cancer. She complains that the skin on her chest is red, dry, and itchy.

Which intervention is most appropriate for the nurse to recommend?

The RN is caring for a client who had a mastectomy 2 days ago. The client is stable but has a Jackson-Pratt drain and an IV. The RN is working with a Licensed Practical Nurse (LPN/LVN) and a Unlicensed Assistive Personnel (UAP).

Which task is most appropriate to assign to the LPN/LVN?

The nurse is caring for four clients on the oncology unit. After receiving the morning report, which client should the nurse assess first?

A client returns from surgery following a Left Mastectomy with immediate reconstruction using a Transverse Rectus Abdominis Myocutaneous (TRAM) flap. Two hours later, the nurse assesses the flap.

Which assessment finding would require immediate notification of the surgeon?

A client with HER2-positive breast cancer is scheduled to receive Trastuzumab (Herceptin). The nurse reviews the client’s medical record prior to administration.

Which diagnostic result is most important for the nurse to review before administering this medication?

A client with metastatic breast cancer presents to the ER with confusion, extreme fatigue, and excessive thirst (polydipsia). The ECG monitor shows a shortened QT interval. The nurse suspects Hypercalcemia of Malignancy.

Which interventions should the nurse anticipate initiating?

Select all that apply.

A nurse enters the room of a client who had a mastectomy 3 days ago. The client is refusing to look at the incision site during dressing changes and keeps the curtains drawn, refusing visitors.

Which notation by the nurse best describes this behavior in the care plan?