Hypospadias and Epispadias
Epispadias is a rare congenital malformation of the male or female urogenital apparatus that consists of a defect of the dorsal wall of the urethra.
Allergic Rhinitis
Although allergic rhinitis (AR) is a common disease, the impact on daily life cannot be underestimated. Allergic rhinitis in children is most often caused by sensitization to animal dander, house dust, pollens, and molds.
Tonsillitis and Adenoiditis
Tonsillitis is the inflammation of the pharyngeal tonsils; the inflammation usually extends to the adenoid and the lingual tonsils.
Wilms Tumor (Nephroblastoma)
Wilms tumor is an adenosarcoma in the kidney region. It is the most common childhood abdominal malignancy.
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)
Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) are deaths in infants younger than 12 months of age that occur suddenly, unexpectedly, and without obvious cause.
Otitis Media
Otitis media is an inflammation of the middle ear without reference to etiology or pathogenesis.
Croup Syndrome
Croup is the most common etiology for hoarseness, cough, and onset of acute stridor in febrile children.
Nephrotic Syndrome
Nephrotic syndrome, or nephrosis, is defined by the presence of nephrotic-range proteinuria, edema, hyperlipidemia, and hypoalbuminemia.
Acute Glomerulonephritis
Acute glomerulonephritis (GN) comprises a specific set of renal diseases in which an immunologic mechanism triggers inflammation and proliferation of glomerular tissue that can result in damage to the basement membrane, mesangium, or capillary endothelium.
Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) is the most common chronic rheumatologic disease in children and is one of the most common chronic diseases of childhood.
