Defense Mechanisms

Defense mechanisms are innate psychological processes that serve as coping mechanisms to protect individuals from emotional distress and reduce anxiety.

Personality Disorders

Personality disorders are diagnosed when personality traits become inflexible and maladaptive and significantly interfere with how a person functions in society or cause the person emotional distress.

Somatoform Disorders

Somatoform disorders are characterized by physical symptoms suggesting medical disease but without demonstrable organic pathology or a known pathophysiological mechanism to account for them.

Amnestic Disorders

Amnestic disorder is a type of cognitive disorder characterized by significant memory impairment, affecting an individual’s ability to learn new information or recall previously learned facts and experiences.

Substance Abuse Disorders

Substance abuse refers to the harmful or excessive use of psychoactive substances, such as drugs or alcohol, that can result in negative consequences for the individual’s physical health, mental well-being, and overall life functioning.

Stress and Anxiety

Stress is the physical and emotional response to demands, challenges, or pressures that disturb an individual’s balance and well-being. Anxiety, on the other hand, is a state of heightened unease and apprehension, often accompanied by physical symptoms, triggered by real or perceived threats.