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Question 1 of 30
1. Question
With the image below, what is the name of the structure marked #1?
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Question 2 of 30
2. Question
With the image below, what is the name of the structure marked #2?
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Question 3 of 30
3. Question
With the image below, what is the name of the structure marked #3?
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Question 4 of 30
4. Question
With the image below, what is the name of the structure marked #4?
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Question 5 of 30
5. Question
While caring for a postoperative patient recovering from abdominal surgery, the nurse observes signs of fluid overload and altered electrolyte balance. Recognizing the vital role of the urinary system in maintaining homeostasis, which of the following functions of the urinary system should the nurse consider EXCEPT in their assessment and intervention plan?
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Question 6 of 30
6. Question
A patient presents with symptoms of frequent urination, burning sensation during urination, and lower abdominal pain. The healthcare provider suspects a urinary tract infection (UTI) and orders diagnostic tests. Which organs are primarily involved in the urinary system?
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Question 7 of 30
7. Question
During a routine physical examination, the nurse palpates the patient’s lower back and discusses the anatomy of the renal system. To assess the client’s understanding, which connective tissue structure, provides essential support and protection to the kidneys, should the nurse inquire about?
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Question 8 of 30
8. Question
While reviewing a patient’s laboratory results, the nurse notes calcium and phosphate levels abnormalities. Recognizing the importance of a kidney-derived hormone in facilitating the absorption of calcium and phosphate, which hormone should the nurse identify as the active form of vitamin D synthesized by the kidneys for this purpose?
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Question 9 of 30
9. Question
During an assessment of a patient with a history of kidney disease, the nurse explains the essential components responsible for the kidney’s filtration and excretory functions. To evaluate the candidate’s knowledge, which term should the nurse use to describe the microscopic structures that serve as the functional units of the kidneys?
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Question 10 of 30
10. Question
During a nursing lecture on renal physiology, the instructor discusses the processes of filtration, reabsorption, and secretion within the urinary system. To assess the students’ understanding, which of the following statements about these processes should the instructor ask them to identify as TRUE?
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Question 11 of 30
11. Question
While reviewing the renal anatomy and physiology with nursing students, the instructor emphasizes the importance of the ascending limb of the loop of Henle in renal function. Which of the following functions should the instructor describe as a primary role of the ascending limb of the loop of Henle?:
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Question 12 of 30
12. Question
In the context of a nephrology clinical rotation, a nursing student is reviewing the critical aspects of renal physiology with their preceptor. To gauge the student’s comprehension, the preceptor poses the following question: Approximately _____ L of filtrate enters the nephrons each day; of that volume _____% is reabsorbed in the proximal tubule.
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Question 13 of 30
13. Question
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH), secreted by the posterior pituitary gland, passes through the circulatory system to the kidneys. ADH regulates the amount of water reabsorbed by the distal tubules and collecting ducts. When ADH levels increase, the permeability of the distal tubules and collecting ducts to water decreases, and less water is reabsorbed from the filtrate. This statement is:
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Question 14 of 30
14. Question
Sarah, a nursing student, is caring for a patient with hypertension. During her pre-clinical studies, she remembers reading about the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) and its role in regulating blood pressure. She’s trying to recall the details of the pathway and states: “Renin is an enzyme that acts on a protein produced by the liver called (2) angiotensinogen. Amino acids are removed from, leaving (3) angiotensin I. Angiotensin I is rapidly converted to a smaller peptide called (4) angiotensin II by (5) angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). Angiotensin II acts on the (6) adrenal cortex, causing it to secrete aldosterone.” Her preceptor, Nurse Johnson, hears her and asks, “Sarah, is that statement correct?”
Which of the following is the best response to Nurse Johnson’s question?
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Question 15 of 30
15. Question
Referencing the image below, what is the name of the structure marked #1.
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Question 16 of 30
16. Question
Referencing the image below, what is the name of the structure marked #2.
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Question 17 of 30
17. Question
Referencing the image below, what is the name of the structure marked #3.
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Question 18 of 30
18. Question
Referencing the image below, what is the name of the structure marked #4.
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Question 19 of 30
19. Question
Referencing the image below, what is the name of the structure marked #5.
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Question 20 of 30
20. Question
Referencing the image below, what is the name of the structure marked #6.
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Question 21 of 30
21. Question
Referencing the image below, what is the name of the structure marked #7.
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Question 22 of 30
22. Question
Referencing the image below, what is the name of the structure marked #8.
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Question 23 of 30
23. Question
Referencing the image below, what is the name of the structure marked #9.
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Question 24 of 30
24. Question
Referencing the image below, what is the name of the structure marked #10.
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Question 25 of 30
25. Question
Referencing the image below, what is the name of the structure marked #11.
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Question 26 of 30
26. Question
Referencing the image below, what is the name of the structure marked #12.
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Question 27 of 30
27. Question
Referencing the image below, what is the name of the structure marked #13.
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Question 28 of 30
28. Question
Referencing the image below, what is the name of the structure marked #14.
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Question 29 of 30
29. Question
Referencing the image below, what is the name of the structure marked #15.
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Question 30 of 30
30. Question
Referencing the image below, what is the name of the structure marked #16.
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