NCLEX Nursing Pharmacology Mastery Challenge Exam (Quiz #2: 50 Questions)

An infection in a central venous access device is not eliminated by giving antibiotics through the catheter. How would bacterial glycocalyx contribute to this?

Central venous access devices are beneficial in pediatric therapy because:

How can central venous access devices (CVADs) be of value in a patient receiving chemotherapy who has stomatitis and severe diarrhea?

Some central venous access devices (CVAD) have more than one lumen. These multi-lumen catheters:

Some institutions will not infuse a fat emulsion, such as Intralipid, into central venous access devices (CVAD) because:

A male patient needs a percutaneously inserted central catheter (PICC) for prolonged IV therapy. He knows it can be inserted without going to the operating room. He mentions that, “at least the doctor won’t be wearing surgical garb, will he?” How will the nurse answer the patient?

A male patient is to receive a percutaneously inserted central catheter (PICC). He asks the nurse whether the insertion will hurt. How will the nurse reply?

What volume of air can safely be infused into a patient with a central venous access device (CVAD)?

Kent, a new staff nurse asks her preceptor nurse how to obtain a blood sample from a patient with a portacath device. The preceptor nurse teaches the new staff nurse:

What is the purpose of “Tunneling” (inserting the catheter 2-4 inches under the skin) when the surgeon inserts a Hickman central catheter device?

The primary complication of a central venous access device (CVAD) is:

Nurse Blessy is doing some patient education related to a patient’s central venous access device. Which of the following statements will the nurse make to the patient?

The chemotherapeutic DNA alkylating agents such as nitrogen mustards are effective because they:

Hormonal agents are used to treat some cancers. An example would be:

Chemotherapeutic agents often produce a certain degree of myelosuppression including leukopenia. Leukopenia does not present immediately but is delayed several days to weeks because:

Currently, there is no way to prevent myelosuppression. However, there are medications available to elicit a more rapid bone marrow recovery. An example is:

Estrogen antagonists are used to treat estrogen hormone-dependent cancer, such as breast carcinoma. Androgen antagonists block testosterone stimulation of androgen-dependent cancers. An example of an androgen-dependent cancer would be:

Serotonin release stimulates vomiting following chemotherapy. Therefore, serotonin antagonists are effective in preventing and treating nausea and vomiting related to chemotherapy. An example of an effective serotonin antagonist antiemetic is:

Methotrexate, the most widely used antimetabolite in cancer chemotherapy does not penetrate the central nervous system (CNS). To treat CNS disease this drug must be administered:

Methotrexate is a folate antagonist. It inhibits enzymes required for DNA base synthesis. To prevent harm to normal cells, a fully activated form of folic acid known as leucovorin (folinic acid; citrovorum factor) can be administered. Administration of leucovorin is known as:

Walter, a teenage patient is admitted to the hospital because of acetaminophen (Tylenol) overdose. Overdoses of acetaminophen can precipitate life-threatening abnormalities in which of the following organs?

A contraindication for topical corticosteroid usage in a male patient with atopic dermatitis (eczema) is:

A 6-month-old infant is brought to the pediatric clinic by concerned parents for a follow-up visit after being seen in the emergency department for moderate to severe atopic dermatitis. The emergency physician had recommended an over-the-counter (OTC) antihistamine for symptom relief. Since starting the medication, the parents have noticed unusual behavior changes in their child. Prior to medication, the infant was experiencing significant itching and discomfort, with frequent crying and difficulty sleeping. The prescribed medication was intended to alleviate these symptoms. However, the parents report that, instead of becoming more sedate and comfortable, the infant has become unusually irritable, with increased crying, less sleep than usual, and appears to be more agitated.

Considering the infant’s age and the type of medication used, which of the following side effects is the infant most likely experiencing from the first-generation OTC antihistamine, such as diphenhydramine (Benadryl) or hydroxyzine (Atarax)?

Reye’s syndrome, a potentially fatal illness associated with liver failure and encephalopathy is associated with the administration of which over-the-counter (OTC) medication?

The nurse is aware that the patients who are allergic to intravenous contrast media are usually also allergic to which of the following products?

A 13-month-old child recently arrived in the United States from a foreign country with his parents and needs childhood immunizations. His mother reports that he is allergic to eggs. Upon further questioning, you determine that the allergy to eggs is anaphylaxis. Which of the following vaccines should he not receive?

The cell and Coombs classification system categorizes allergic reactions and is useful in describing and classifying patient reactions to drugs. Type I reactions are immediate hypersensitivity reactions and are mediated by:

Drugs can cause adverse events in a patient. Bone marrow toxicity is one of the most frequent types of drug-induced toxicity. The most serious form of bone marrow toxicity is:

Serious adverse effects of oral contraceptives include:

The most serious adverse effect of Alprostadil (Prostin VR pediatric injection) administration in neonates is:

Mandy, a patient, calls the clinic today because he is taking atorvastatin (Lipitor) to treat his high cholesterol and is having pain in both of his legs. You instruct him to:

Which of the following adverse effects is associated with levothyroxine (Synthroid) therapy?

Which of the following adverse effects is specific to the biguanide diabetic drug metformin (Glucophage) therapy?

The most serious adverse effect of tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) overdose is:

The nurse is aware that the following solutions are routinely used to flush an IV device before and after the administration of blood to a patient is:

Chris asks the nurse whether all donor blood products are cross-matched with the recipient to prevent a transfusion reaction. Which of the following always require cross-matching?

A month after receiving a blood transfusion an immunocompromised male patient develops a fever, liver abnormalities, a rash, and diarrhea. The nurse would suspect this patient has:

Jonas comes into the local blood donation center. He says he is here to donate platelets only today. The nurse knows this process is called:

Nurse Bryan knows that the age group that uses the most units of blood and blood products is:

A child is admitted with a serious infection. After two days of antibiotics, he is severely neutropenic. The physician orders granulocyte transfusions for the next four days. The mother asks the nurse why? The nurse responds:

As a knowledgeable nurse, you know that the following are part of the 10 rights except:

When performing an assessment about medication, the drug history should include:

The volume of SC medication must be no more than:

Which of the following muscles is a possible site for IM injections?

When deciding on what time of day to give medications, the nurse pays the closest attention to the client’s habits regarding:

The client’s ability to take oral medications will be hindered by:

Which of the following will determine nursing interventions for a client on medication?

When performing an assessment to determine which medications can be used, which of the following elements is most important?

Central venous access devices are beneficial in pediatric therapy because:

When considering the pharmacotherapeutic effects of drugs administered to clients, the nurse considers which property of most importance: