Fundamentals of Nursing 3 (25 Items) Exam Mode

Posted by: Matt Vera in Practice Test November 25, 2011 Last updated on May 5th, 2013 1 Comment 13 Views

PT-Fundamentals of Nursing Set 3 Are you ready for the board examinations? This is the third part of the Fundamentals of Nursing interactive quiz. You should have completed the first and second set of questions first. This covers topics from orthopedic nursing and more on research.

Directions:

All questions will be shown after your press the start button.
All test questions are randomly arranged
All choices are randomly arranged
Explanation for the answer will be given after the quiz, be sure to read them.
This test contains 25 items covering fundamentals of nursing, research, medication and many more.
To add up to the challenge, TIME yourself during the examination period.
Read each question carefully!
Relax…take a deep long breath…and if you’re ready, click on the start button below.

Foundations of Nursing Practice 3

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This is the third part of the interactive examination about the fundamentals of nursing.

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Question 1

Cherry notes down ideas that were derived from the description of an investigation written by the person who conducted it. Which type of reference source refers to this?

A	Primary source
B	Bibliography
C	Endnotes
D	Footnote

Question 1 Explanation:

This refers to a primary source which is a direct account of the investigation done by the investigator. In contrast to this is a secondary source, which is written by someone other than the original researcher.

Question 2

Nurse Janah is collecting a sputum specimen for culture and sensitivity testing from a client who has a productive cough. Nurse Janah plans to implement which intervention to obtain the specimen?

A	Ask the client to obtain the specimen after breakfast.
B	Ask the client to expectorate a small amount of sputum into the emesis basin.
C	Provide tissues for expectoration and obtaining the specimen.
D	Use a sterile plastic container for obtaining the specimen.

Question 2 Explanation:

Sputum specimens for culture and sensitivity testing need to be obtained using sterile techniques because the test is done to determine the presence of organisms. If the procedure for obtaining the specimen is not sterile, then the specimen is not sterile, then the specimen would be contaminated and the results of the test would be invalid.

Question 3

A 10 year old child with type 1 diabetes develops diabetic ketoacidosis and receives a continuous insulin infusion. Which condition represents the greatest risk to this child?

A	Hypercalcemia
B	Hypokalemia
C	Hyperphosphatemia
D	Hypernatremia

Question 3 Explanation:

Insulin administration causes glucose and potassium to move into the cells, causing hypokalemia.

Question 4

Nurse Oliver is caring for a client with impaired mobility that occurred as a result of a stroke. The client has right sided arm and leg weakness. The nurse would suggest that the client use which of the following assistive devices that would provide the best stability for ambulating?

A	Walker
B	Quad cane
C	Single straight-legged cane
D	Crutches

Question 4 Explanation:

Crutches and a walker can be difficult to maneuver for a client with weakness on one side. A cane is better suited for client with weakness of the arm and leg on one side. However, the quad cane would provide the most stability because of the structure of the cane and because a quad cane has four legs.

Question 5

Nurse Ron is assisting with transferring a client from the operating room table to a stretcher. To provide safety to the client, the nurse should:

A	Secures the client safety belts after transferring to the stretcher.
B	Instructs the client to move self from the table to the stretcher.
C	Moves the client rapidly from the table to the stretcher.
D	Uncovers the client completely before transferring to the stretcher.

Question 5 Explanation:

During the transfer of the client after the surgical procedure is complete, the nurse should avoid exposure of the client because of the risk for potential heat loss. Hurried movements and rapid changes in the position should be avoided because these predispose the client to hypotension. At the time of the transfer from the surgery table to the stretcher, the client is still affected by the effects of the anesthesia; therefore, the client should not move self. Safety belts can prevent the client from falling off the stretcher.

Question 6

When Nurse Trish is providing care to his patient, she must remember that her duty is bound not to do doing any action that will cause the patient harm. This is the meaning of the bioethical principle:

A	Justice
B	Non-maleficence
C	Solidarity
D	Beneficence

Question 6 Explanation:

Non-maleficence means do not cause harm or do any action that will cause any harm to the patient/client. To do good is referred as beneficence.

Question 7

Nurse Michelle hears the alarm sound on the telemetry monitor. The nurse quickly looks at the monitor and notes that a client is in a ventricular tachycardia. The nurse rushes to the client’s room. Upon reaching the client’s bedside, the nurse would take which action first?

A	Check the client’s level of consciousness
B	Prepare for cardioversion
C	Call a code
D	Prepare to defibrillate the client

Question 7 Explanation:

Determining unresponsiveness is the first step assessment action to take. When a client is in ventricular tachycardia, there is a significant decrease in cardiac output. However, checking the unresponsiveness ensures whether the client is affected by the decreased cardiac output.

Question 8

Nurse Len is administering sublingual nitrglycerin (Nitrostat) to the newly admitted client. Immediately afterward, the client may experience:

A	Throbbing headache or dizziness
B	Tinnitus or diplopia.
C	Drowsiness or blurred vision.
D	Nervousness or paresthesia.

Question 8 Explanation:

Headache and dizziness often occur when nitroglycerin is taken at the beginning of therapy. However, the client usually develops tolerance

Question 9

Nurse Janah is monitoring the ongoing care given to the potential organ donor who has been diagnosed with brain death. The nurse determines that the standard of care had been maintained if which of the following data is observed?

A	Capillary refill: 5 seconds
B	Urine output: 45 ml/hr
C	Blood pressure: 90/48 mmHg
D	Serum pH: 7.32

Question 9 Explanation:

Adequate perfusion must be maintained to all vital organs in order for the client to remain visible as an organ donor. A urine output of 45 ml per hour indicates adequate renal perfusion. Low blood pressure and delayed capillary refill time are circulatory system indicators of inadequate perfusion. A serum pH of 7.32 is acidotic, which adversely affects all body tissues.

Question 10

Nurse Hazel is preparing to ambulate a female client. The best and the safest position for the nurse in assisting the client is to stand:

A	On the affected side of the client.
B	Behind the client.
C	In front of the client.
D	On the unaffected side of the client.

Question 10 Explanation:

When walking with clients, the nurse should stand on the affected side and grasp the security belt in the midspine area of the small of the back. The nurse should position the free hand at the shoulder area so that the client can be pulled toward the nurse in the event that there is a forward fall. The client is instructed to look up and outward rather than at his or her feet.

Question 11

Nurse Amy has documented an entry regarding client care in the client’s medical record. When checking the entry, the nurse realizes that incorrect information was documented. How does the nurse correct this error?

A	Draws one line to cross out the incorrect information and then initials the change.
B	Uses correction fluid to cover up the incorrect information and writes in the correct information.
C	Covers up the incorrect information completely using a black pen and writes in the correct information
D	Erases the error and writes in the correct information.

Question 11 Explanation:

To correct an error documented in a medical record, the nurse draws one line through the incorrect information and then initials the error. An error is never erased and correction fluid is never used in the medical record.

Question 12

Nurse Oliver must apply an elastic bandage to a client’s ankle and calf. He should apply the bandage beginning at the client’s:

A	Knee
B	Ankle
C	Lower thigh
D	Foot

Question 12 Explanation:

An elastic bandage should be applied form the distal area to the proximal area. This method promotes venous return. In this case, the nurse should begin applying the bandage at the client’s foot. Beginning at the ankle, lower thigh, or knee does not promote venous return.

Question 13

Nurse Meredith is in the process of giving a client a bed bath. In the middle of the procedure, the unit secretary calls the nurse on the intercom to tell the nurse that there is an emergency phone call. The appropriate nursing action is to:

A	Finish the bed bath before answering the phone call.
B	Cover the client, place the call light within reach, and answer the phone call.
C	Immediately walk out of the client’s room and answer the phone call.
D	Leave the client’s door open so the client can be monitored and the nurse can answer the phone call.

Question 13 Explanation:

Because telephone call is an emergency, the nurse may need to answer it. The other appropriate action is to ask another nurse to accept the call. However, is not one of the options. To maintain privacy and safety, the nurse covers the client and places the call light within the client’s reach. Additionally, the client’s door should be closed or the room curtains pulled around the bathing area.

Question 14

Nurse Amy has an order to obtain a urinalysis from a male client with an indwelling urinary catheter. The nurse avoids which of the following, which contaminate the specimen?

A	Wiping the port with an alcohol swab before inserting the syringe.
B	Clamping the tubing of the drainage bag.
C	Aspirating a sample from the port on the drainage bag.
D	Obtaining the specimen from the urinary drainage bag.

Question 14 Explanation:

A urine specimen is not taken from the urinary drainage bag. Urine undergoes chemical changes while sitting in the bag and does not necessarily reflect the current client status. In addition, it may become contaminated with bacteria from opening the system.

Question 15

Monica is aware that there are times when only manipulation of study variables is possible and the elements of control or randomization are not attendant. Which type of research is referred to this?

A	Field study
B	Post-test only design
C	Solomon-Four group design
D	Quasi-experiment

Question 15 Explanation:

Quasi-experiment is done when randomization and control of the variables are not possible.

Question 16

When a nurse in-charge causes an injury to a female patient and the injury caused becomes the proof of the negligent act, the presence of the injury is said to exemplify the principle of:

A	Respondeat superior
B	Holdover doctrine
C	Force majeure
D	Res ipsa loquitor

Question 16 Explanation:

Res ipsa loquitor literally means the thing speaks for itself. This means in operational terms that the injury caused is the proof that there was a negligent act.

Question 17

Nurse Ronald is aware that the best tool for data gathering is?

A	Use of laboratory data
B	Observation
C	Interview schedule
D	Questionnaire

Question 17 Explanation:

Incidence of nosocomial infection is best collected through the use of biophysiologic measures, particularly in vitro measurements, hence laboratory data is essential.

Question 18

A male client with a right pleural effusion noted on a chest X-ray is being prepared for thoracentesis. The client experiences severe dizziness when sitting upright. To provide a safe environment, the nurse assists the client to which position for the procedure?

A	Left side-lying with the head of the bed elevated 45 degrees.
B	Sims’ position with the head of the bed flat.
C	Prone with head turned toward the side supported by a pillow.
D	Right side-lying with the head of the bed elevated 45 degrees.

Question 18 Explanation:

To facilitate removal of fluid from the chest wall, the client is positioned sitting at the edge of the bed leaning over the bedside table with the feet supported on a stool. If the client is unable to sit up, the client is positioned lying in bed on the unaffected side with the head of the bed elevated 30 to 45 degrees.

Question 19

Nurse Ron is observing a male client using a walker. The nurse determines that the client is using the walker correctly if the client:

A	Puts weight on the hand pieces, moves the walker forward, and then walks into it.
B	Walks into the walker, puts weight on the hand pieces, and then puts all four points of the walker flat on the floor.
C	Puts all the four points of the walker flat on the floor, puts weight on the hand pieces, and then walks into it.
D	Puts weight on the hand pieces, slides the walker forward, and then walks into it.

Question 19 Explanation:

When the client uses a walker, the nurse stands adjacent to the affected side. The client is instructed to put all four points of the walker 2 feet forward flat on the floor before putting weight on hand pieces. This will ensure client safety and prevent stress cracks in the walker. The client is then instructed to move the walker forward and walk into it.

Question 20

Nurse John develops methods for data gathering. Which of the following criteria of a good instrument refers to the ability of the instrument to yield the same results upon its repeated administration?

A	Specificity
B	Sensitivity
C	Validity
D	Reliability

Question 20 Explanation:

Reliability is consistency of the research instrument. It refers to the repeatability of the instrument in extracting the same responses upon its repeated administration.

Question 21

Nurse Myrna is providing instructions to a nursing assistant assigned to give a bed bath to a client who is on contact precautions. Nurse Myrna instructs the nursing assistant to use which of the following protective items when giving bed bath?

A	Gown and gloves
B	Gloves and goggles
C	Gown and goggles
D	Gloves and shoe protectors

Question 21 Explanation:

Contact precautions require the use of gloves and a gown if direct client contact is anticipated. Goggles are not necessary unless the nurse anticipates the splashes of blood, body fluids, secretions, or excretions may occur. Shoe protectors are not necessary.

Question 22

Patient’s refusal to divulge information is a limitation because it is beyond the control of Tifanny”. What type of research is appropriate for this study?

A	Historical
B	Descriptive- correlational
C	Experiment
D	Quasi-experiment

Question 22 Explanation:

Descriptive- correlational study is the most appropriate for this study because it studies the variables that could be the antecedents of the increased incidence of nosocomial infection.

Question 23

When caring for a male client with a 3-cm stage I pressure ulcer on the coccyx, which of the following actions can the nurse institute independently?

A	Using a povidone-iodine wash on the ulceration three times per day.
B	Massaging the area with an astringent every 2 hours.
C	Using normal saline solution to clean the ulcer and applying a protective dressing as necessary.
D	Applying an antibiotic cream to the area three times per day.

Question 23 Explanation:

Washing the area with normal saline solution and applying a protective dressing are within the nurse’s realm of interventions and will protect the area. Using a povidone-iodine wash and an antibiotic cream require a physician’s order. Massaging with an astringent can further damage the skin.

Question 24

Harry knows that he has to protect the rights of human research subjects. Which of the following actions of Harry ensures anonymity?

A	Provide equal treatment to all the subjects of the study.
B	Obtain informed consent
C	Release findings only to the participants of the study
D	Keep the identities of the subject secret

Question 24 Explanation:

Keeping the identities of the research subject secret will ensure anonymity because this will hinder providing link between the information given to whoever is its source.

Question 25

Nurse Letty refers a female client with terminal cancer to a local hospice. What is the goal of this referral?

A	To help the client find appropriate treatment options.
B	To ensure that the client gets counseling regarding health care costs.
C	To provide support for the client and family in coping with terminal illness.
D	To teach the client and family about cancer and its treatment.

Question 25 Explanation:

Hospices provide supportive care for terminally ill clients and their families. Hospice care doesn’t focus on counseling regarding health care costs. Most client referred to hospices have been treated for their disease without success and will receive only palliative care in the hospice.

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