7 Hepatitis Nursing Care Plans

ADVERTISEMENTS

Learn about the essential components of nursing diagnosis for hepatitis nursing care plans in this guide.

What is Hepatitis?

Hepatitis is a widespread inflammation of the liver that results in degeneration and necrosis of liver cells. Inflammation of the liver can be due to bacterial invasion, injury by physical or toxic chemical agents (e.g., drugs, alcohol, industrial chemicals), viral infections (hepatitis A, B, C, D, E, G), or autoimmune response. Although most hepatitis is self-limiting, approximately 20% of acute hepatitis B and 50% of hepatitis C cases progress to a chronic state or cirrhosis and can be fatal.

Nursing Care Plans

Nursing care planning and management for patients with hepatitis includes: reducing the demands of the liver while promoting physical well-being, preventing complications of hepatitis, enhance self-concept, acceptance of situation, and providing information about the disease process, prognosis, and treatment.

This post includes seven (7) nursing care plans and nursing diagnosis for patients with hepatitis:

ADVERTISEMENTS
  1. Imbalanced Nutrition: Less Than Body Requirements
  2. Risk for Deficient Fluid Volume
  3. Fatigue
  4. Risk for Impaired Skin Integrity
  5. Deficient Knowledge
  6. Situational Low Self-Esteem
  7. Risk for Infection
  8. Other Possible Nursing Care Plans
ADVERTISEMENTS

Imbalanced Nutrition: Less Than Body Requirements

Imbalanced nutrition with less than body requirements is a risk for patients with hepatitis due to the altered absorption and metabolism of digested food, insufficient intake to meet metabolic demands, and increased calorie needs associated with the condition. Patients with hepatitis may experience symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and anorexia, which can further exacerbate malnutrition and contribute to muscle wasting and weight loss.

Nursing Diagnosis

  • Imbalanced Nutrition: Less Than Body Requirements

May be related to

  • Insufficient intake to meet metabolic demands: anorexia, nausea/vomiting
  • Altered absorption and metabolism of ingested foods: reduced peristalsis (visceral reflexes), bile stasis
  • Increased calorie needs/hypermetabolic state

Possibly evidenced by

  • Aversion to eating/lack of interest in food; altered taste sensation
  • Abdominal pain/cramping
  • Loss of weight; poor muscle tone

Desired Outcomes

  • The client will Initiate behaviors, and lifestyle changes to regain/maintain an appropriate weight.
  • The client will demonstrate progressive weight gain toward the goal with normalization of laboratory values and no signs of malnutrition.

Nursing Assessment and Rationales

1. Monitor serum glucose as indicated.
Hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia may develop, necessitating dietary changes and insulin administration. Fingerstick monitoring may be done by the patient on a regular schedule to determine therapy needs.

2. Monitor dietary intake and caloric count. Suggest several small feedings and offer the “largest” meal at breakfast.
Large meals are difficult to manage when the patient is anorexic. Anorexia may also worsen during the day, making intake of food difficult later in the day.

Nursing Interventions and Rationales

1. Encourage mouth care before meals.
Enhances appetite by eliminating unpleasant tastes.

2. Recommend eating in an upright position.
Reduces the sensation of abdominal fullness and may enhance intake.

3. Encourage the intake of fruit juices, carbonated beverages, and hard candy throughout the day.
These supply extra calories and may be more easily digested or tolerated than other foods.

4. Consult with the dietitian, and nutritional support team to provide a diet according to the patient’s needs, with fat and protein intake as tolerated.
Useful in formulating a dietary program to meet individual needs. Fat metabolism varies according to bile production and excretion and may necessitate the restriction of fat intake if diarrhea develops. If tolerated, a normal or increased protein intake helps with liver regeneration. Protein restriction may be indicated in severe disease (fulminant hepatitis) because the accumulation of the end products of protein metabolism can potentiate hepatic encephalopathy.

5. Administer medications as indicated:

  • 5.1. Antiemetics: metoclopramide (Reglan), trimethobenzamide (Tigan)
    Given 1/2 hr before meals, may reduce nausea and increase food tolerance. Prochlorperazine (Compazine) is contraindicated in hepatic disease.
  • 5.2. Antacids: Mylanta, Titralac
    Counteracts gastric acidity, reducing gastric irritation and risk of bleeding.
  • 5.3. Vitamins: B complex, C, and other dietary supplements as indicated
    Corrects deficiencies and aids in the healing process.
  • 5.4. Steroid therapy: prednisone (Deltasone), alone or in combination with azathioprine (Imuran)
    Steroids may be contraindicated because they can increase the risk of relapse and development of chronic hepatitis in patients with viral hepatitis; however, the anti-inflammatory effects may be useful in chronic active hepatitis (especially idiopathic) to reduce nausea and vomiting and enable patients to retain food and fluids. Steroids may decrease serum aminotransferase and bilirubin levels, but they do not affect liver necrosis or regeneration. Combination therapy has fewer steroid-related side effects.

6. Provide supplemental feedings and TPN if needed.

May be necessary to meet caloric requirements if marked deficits are present and symptoms are prolonged.

ADVERTISEMENTS

Recommended Resources

Recommended nursing diagnosis and nursing care plan books and resources.

Disclosure: Included below are affiliate links from Amazon at no additional cost from you. We may earn a small commission from your purchase. For more information, check out our privacy policy.

Ackley and Ladwig’s Nursing Diagnosis Handbook: An Evidence-Based Guide to Planning Care
We love this book because of its evidence-based approach to nursing interventions. This care plan handbook uses an easy, three-step system to guide you through client assessment, nursing diagnosis, and care planning. Includes step-by-step instructions showing how to implement care and evaluate outcomes, and help you build skills in diagnostic reasoning and critical thinking.

Nursing Care Plans – Nursing Diagnosis & Intervention (10th Edition)
Includes over two hundred care plans that reflect the most recent evidence-based guidelines. New to this edition are ICNP diagnoses, care plans on LGBTQ health issues and on electrolytes and acid-base balance.

NANDA International Nursing Diagnoses: Definitions & Classification, 2021-2023
The definitive guide to nursing diagnoses is reviewed and approved by the NANDA International. In this new version of a pioneering text, all introductory chapters have been rewritten to provide nurses with the essential information they need to comprehend assessment, its relationship to diagnosis and clinical reasoning, and the purpose and application of taxonomic organization at the bedside. A total of 46 new nursing diagnoses and 67 amended nursing diagnostics are presented.

Nurse’s Pocket Guide: Diagnoses, Prioritized Interventions, and Rationales
Quick-reference tool includes all you need to identify the correct diagnoses for efficient patient care planning. The sixteenth edition includes the most recent nursing diagnoses and interventions from NANDA-I 2021-2023 and an alphabetized listing of nursing diagnoses covering more than 400 disorders.

Nursing Diagnosis Manual: Planning, Individualizing, and Documenting Client Care 
Identify interventions to plan, individualize, and document care for more than 800 diseases and disorders. Only in the Nursing Diagnosis Manual will you find for each diagnosis…. subjectively and objectively – sample clinical applications, prioritized action/interventions with rationales – a documentation section, and much more!

All-in-One Nursing Care Planning Resource – E-Book: Medical-Surgical, Pediatric, Maternity, and Psychiatric-Mental Health 
Includes over 100 care plans for medical-surgical, maternity/OB, pediatrics, and psychiatric and mental health. Interprofessional “patient problems” focus familiarizes you with how to speak to patients.

See also

Other recommended site resources for this nursing care plan:

More nursing care plans related to gastrointestinal disorders:

ADVERTISEMENTS

Matt Vera, a registered nurse since 2009, leverages his experiences as a former student struggling with complex nursing topics to help aspiring nurses as a full-time writer and editor for Nurseslabs, simplifying the learning process, breaking down complicated subjects, and finding innovative ways to assist students in reaching their full potential as future healthcare providers.

2 thoughts on “7 Hepatitis Nursing Care Plans”

Leave a Comment

Share to...