5 Pneumonia Nursing Care Plans
Pneumonia is an inflammatory illness of the lung. It is often described as lung parenchyma or alveolar inflammation leading to abnormal alveolar filling with fluid. Pneumonia can result from a variety of causes, including infection with microorganisms like bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites, and chemical or physical injury to the lungs.
INCIDENCES
Pneumonia is a common illness in all parts of the world in all age groups. Majority of deaths occur in the newborn period in children, with over two million deaths a year worldwide.
- The World Health Organization estimates that one out of three newborn infant deaths is due to pneumonia.
- It kills more children than any other illness, accounting for 19% of all under-five deaths.
- According to the National Statistical Coordination Board of the Philippines, there are 776,562 of pneumonia in the country in 2004 alone. This could be an implication that pneumonia is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the country.
- World Health Organization notes Invasive Pneumococcal Disease deaths at 1.6 million people each year.
- Of these, 700,000 to one million are children under five years old and over 90 percent of these deaths occur in developing countries.
- Pneumonia is a top killer in India,China,Nigeria,Pakistan,Bangladesh,Indonesia, and Brazil.
Signs and Symptoms of Pneumonia [From Wikipedia
1 Ineffective Airway Clearance
The inflammation and increased secretions make it difficult to maintain a patent airway, which is cause by decrease ability to expel the excessive mucus produced that will lead to extensive obstruction of the airway.
ASSESSMENT | NURSING DIAGNOSIS | OBJECTIVES | NURSING INTERVENTIONS | RATIONALE | EXPECTED OUTCOMES |
| S> Ø
O> Patient manifested the ff:
- with unproductive cough -with wheezes and crackles auscultated on left lower lungfield. - presence of clear watery discharge from her nose
> Patient may manifest the ff: - restlessness - irritability
| Ineffective airway clearance related to presence of secretions secondary to pneumonia. | Short Term:
After 3-4 hours of nursing interventions, the patient’s respiration will improve and difficulty of breathing will be relieved.
Long Term:
After 3 – 4 days of nursing interventions, the patient will maintain a patent airway. | >Establish rapport to patient and SO
>Assess patient’s condition
>Monitor and record V/S
>Auscultate lung fields, noting areas of decreased/absent airflow and adventitious breath sounds
>Assist patient to change position every 30 minutes
>Elevate head of bed and align head in the middle
>Provide health teachings regarding effective coughing and deep breathing exercise.
>Encourage to increase fluid intake.
>Encourage steam inhalation
>Administer meds as ordered
| >To gain the trust and cooperation
>To know and determine patient’s needs
>To establish base line data
>To identify areas of consolidation and determine possible bronchospasm or obstruction.
>To mobilize secretions
>To facilitate breathing
>To expel the mucous
>To liquefy secretions
>To moisten secretions and alleviate congestion
>To reduce bronchospasm and mobilize secretion
| Short Term:
After 3-4 hours of nursing interventions, the patient’s respiration shall have improved and difficulty of breathing shall have been relieved.
Long Term:
After 3 – 4 days of nursing interventions, the patient will have been able to maintain a patent airway. |
Navigation
- Ineffective Airway Clearance
- Ineffective Breathing Pattern
- Impaired Gas Exchange
- Risk for Infection
- Hyperthermia & Other Care Plans
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