Pregnancy induced hypertension, also known as gestational hypertension, is a potentially life-threatening disorder that usually develops late in the second trimester or in the third trimester. The non-convulsive form of PIH is termed as preeclampsia ranging from mild to severe. The convulsive form is eclampsia. The cause of this disorder is unknown but geographic, ethnic, racial, nutritional, immunologic, and familial factors and preexisting vascular disease may contribute to its development.
Nursing Care Plans
Nursing care for PIH involves providing adequate nutrition, good prenatal care, and control of pre-existing hypertension during pregnancy decrease the incidence and severity of preeclampsia. Early recognition and prompt treatment of preeclampsia can prevent progression to eclampsia.
Here are six (6) nursing diagnosis for your nursing care plans on Gestational Hypertension or Pregnancy Induced Hypertension:
- Deficient Fluid Volume
- Decreased Cardiac Output
- Altered Tissue Perfusion (Uteroplacental)
- Risk for Maternal Injury
- Risk for Imbalanced Nutrition: Less Than Body Requirements
- Deficient Knowledge
Risk for Imbalanced Nutrition: Less Than Body Requirements
Nursing Diagnosis
- Imbalanced Nutrition: Less Than Body Requirements
May be related to
- Intake insufficient to meet metabolic demands and replace losses
Possibly evidenced by
- [Not applicable; presence of signs/symptoms establishes an
actual diagnosis]
Desired Outcomes
- Patient verbalizes understanding of individual dietary needs.
- Patient demonstrates knowledge of proper diet as evidenced by developing a dietary plan within own financial resources.
- Patient displays appropriate weight gain.
Nursing Interventions | Rationale |
---|---|
Determine patient’s nutritional status, condition of hair and nails, and height and pregravid weight. | Establishes guidelines for determining dietary needs and educating patient. Malnutrition may be a contributing factor to the onset of PIH, specifically when client follows a low-protein diet, has insufficient caloric intake, and is overweight or underweight by 20% or more before conception. |
Provide information about normal weight gain in pregnancy, modifying it to meet client’s needs. | The underweight patient may need a diet higher in calories; the obese patient should avoid dieting because it places the fetus at risk for ketosis. |
Present oral/written information about action and uses of protein and its role in development of PIH. | Regular intake of 80–100 g/day (1.5 g/kg) is sufficient to replace proteins lost in urine and allow for normal serum oncotic pressure. |
Provide information regarding effect of bedrest and reduced activity on protein requirements. | Decreasing metabolic rate through bedrest and limited activity reduces protein needs. |
Collaborate with dietitian, as indicated. | Helpful in creating individual dietary plan incorporating specific needs/restrictions. |
See Also
You may also like the following posts and care plans:
- Nursing Care Plan: The Ultimate Guide and Database – the ultimate database of nursing care plans for different diseases and conditions! Get the complete list!
- Nursing Diagnosis: The Complete Guide and List – archive of different nursing diagnoses with their definition, related factors, goals and nursing interventions with rationale.
Maternal and Newborn Care Plans
Nursing care plans related to the care of the pregnant mother and her infant. See care plans for maternity and obstetric nursing:
- Abruptio Placenta| 3 Care Plan
- Cesarean Birth | 10 Care Plans
- Cleft Palate and Cleft Lip | 6 Care Plans
- Dysfunctional Labor (Dystocia) | 4 Care Plans
- Elective Termination | 6 Care Plans
- Gestational Diabetes Mellitus | 4 Care Plans
- Hyperbilirubinemia | 4 Care Plans
- Labor Stages, Induced and Augmented Labor | 36 Care Plans
- Neonatal Sepsis | 5 Care Plans
- Perinatal Loss | 5 Care Plans
- Placenta Previa | 3 Care Plans
- Postpartum Hemorrhage | 8 Care Plans
- Postpartum Thrombophlebitis | 4 Care Plans
- Prenatal Hemorrhage | 7 Care Plans
- Prenatal Substance Dependence/Abuse | 6 Care Plans
- Precipitous Labor | 3 Care Plans
- Pregnancy Induced Hypertension | 6 Care Plans
- Premature Dilation of the Cervix | 3 Care Plans
- Prenatal Infection | 3 Care Plans
- Preterm Labor | 6 Care Plans
- Puerperal Infection | 4 Care Plans